呼吸科专家李南方、韩瑞梅等发现高血压合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)常伴发有肥胖和糖脂代谢紊乱等心血管危险因素,尤其高血压合并重度OSAHS患者是心血管危险因素聚集发生的常见人群,性别和体质指数(BMI)与OSAHS的发生关系密切。研究发表在2011年第4期《中华高血压杂志》上。
研究者分析了高血压专科诊断明确的高血压患者1666例,根据多导睡眠仪监测结果分为单纯高血压组(Ⅰ组,n=359),高血压合并轻度OSAHS组(Ⅱ组,n=503),高血压合并中度OSAHS组(Ⅲ组,n=376),高血压合并重度OSAHS组(Ⅳ组,n=428)。对4组患者的临床特点和合并心血管危险因素等进行相关分析。
结果显示,Ⅰ组的年龄、BMI、睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)及总胆固醇水平均低于Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);Ⅲ组的年龄、AHI和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均高于Ⅱ组(P<0.01);随着OSAHS病情程度的增加,吸烟、高脂血症、高血糖、高敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)水平升高和肥胖的检出率均有所升高(P<0.01),伴随危险因素个数的检出率明显增高(χ2=117.360,P<0.01);多元线性回归分析发现年龄、性别、BMI、空腹血糖和早发心血管病家族史是影响OSAHS发生的相关危险因素。
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